Chevron Faces $30 Billion Liability for Environmental Problems in Latin America

Brazil, Ecuador Lawsuits Point to New Competitive Pressures QUITO, Ecuador - Now that it is embroiled in a new $11 billion pollution lawsuit in Brazil, Chevron's total legal tab in Latin America for environmental problems is fast approaching $30 billion and could rise further if forced to defend enforcement actions throughout the region related to its long-term Ecuador pollution problem, say analysts. "Chevron shareholders cannot be happy to wake up to the news that the company faces yet another major environmental liability in Latin America," said Simon Billenness, an analyst who covers the industry for environmental groups and the author of a report on Chevron's $18 billion liability in Ecuador for despoiling the Amazon. "Chevron is beginning to look like a very unattractive dance partner for oil producing Latin American governments," he added. "Any government that works with Chevron is going to risk a profound backlash from its own constituents given these growing problems." Brazil's government sued Chevron for $11 billion to cover damages for the devastating offshore spill in November that is eerily reminiscent of the BP disaster in the Gulf of Mexico. Chevron outraged Brazilian regulators by being totally unprepared to contain the spill and by downplaying the amount of oil gushing into the ocean. Chevron further shocked Brazilian officials this week with news that the leak still has not been completely contained. In Ecuador, Chevron has been in open conflict with the government after a court in February awarded $18 billion to thousands of villagers based on evidence the oil giant dumped toxic oil sludge into the rainforest and abandoned more than 900 unlined waste pits that continue to contaminate groundwater and surface waters. The trial was held in Ecuador at Chevron's request. The case is currently under appeal in Ecuador, with the plaintiffs seeking an increase in the amount of damages. When it operated in Ecuador from 1964 to 1992, Chevron created an environmental and public health catastrophe that decimated indigenous groups and caused dramatic increases in cancer rates, according to the evidence. The Ecuador environmental damage dwarfs the impact of the BP spill in the Gulf, according to experts. Because Chevron has refused to pay the Ecuador award, the plaintiffs are being forced to consider a series of asset seizure actions in any of the dozens of countries where the oil giant operates. Such actions likely will create additional conflicts between Chevron and oil-producing governments around the world and further deepen the company's legal woes, said Billenness. "Chevron has never come clean to its own shareholders about worst-case scenarios in this regard," he said. Ecuadorian lawyer Pablo Fajardo, who led the contamination lawsuit against Chevron in his country, said Brazil should understand that Chevron is a company that will not hesitate to lie when faced with evidence of its own malfeasance. "Chevron has a history of mistreating Latin American countries in its thirst to increase its profits," he said. "My advice to Brazil is to hit the company hard and do not let up until the problem is fixed." Notably, the Brazilian government is being much tougher on Chevron than the Ecuador court. Chevron's fines in Brazil amount to approximately $18,000 per barrel of oil spilled -- far higher than similar fines imposed by the court in Ecuador, according to Karen Hinton, the U.S. spokesperson for the Ecuadorians. Brazil's environmental watchdog agency accused Chevron of having digitally edited pictures to make the damage look less severe. Other regulators threatened company officials with prison terms. When the Brazil spill became public, a Chevron official at first suggested it was the product of "natural" leakage from an underwater stone -- reminiscent of the now-infamous statement by a Chevron attorney on the U.S. news show 60 Minutes that the company's massive damage in Ecuador was no more dangerous to human life than the "make-up on my face."

Melvin Wylie

Federal Agencies Join NFWF & Southern Company to Save Vanishing Southeastern Forests

Building on nearly a decade of investment to restore vanishing longleaf pine forests in the southeastern United States, NFWF (the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation) has established the Longleaf Stewardship Fund, a landmark public-private partnership that includes the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Forest Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Natural Resources Conservation Service and Southern Company. With the combined financial and technical resources of this group, the Fund will support accelerated restoration of the longleaf pine ecosystem and implementation of the Range-Wide Conservation Plan for Longleaf Pine. The longleaf pine ecosystem once encompassed more than 90 million acres of North America. Today, only three percent of the original acreage remains, and threatened and endangered species that depend on the habitat – for example, the red-cockaded woodpecker, the gopher tortoise and the indigo snake – are struggling to survive. Since 2004, a partnership between NFWF and Southern Company, the Longleaf Legacy Program, has invested over $8.7 million into projects that will restore more than 82,000 acres of longleaf pine forest and the native species that rely on it. The Longleaf Stewardship Fund will build on the success of the Southern Company partnership and expand the restoration effort across the nine states within longleaf pine's historic range. A significant amount of the old-growth longleaf pine forest that still exists in the Southeast is on land owned by the U.S. military, and many opportunities for large-scale restoration and protection are concentrated around public lands. The Fund will invest in targeted areas that are anchored by Department of Defense military bases, National Forests, Fish & Wildlife Service Refuges and state protected lands to expand existing longleaf habitat and establish large-scale healthy ecosystems. In addition, the Fund will support range-wide restoration projects, technical assistance to private landowners, and locally based partnerships dedicated to restoring longleaf pine. Investments will be made to achieve specific conservation outcomes, and success will be tracked to evaluate gains in healthy longleaf forest and the recovery of native wildlife. "The involvement of our federal partners in the longleaf pine restoration effort is a tremendous addition that will make our program even stronger, broader and more effective," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO of NFWF. "With the continued leadership and support of Southern Company, we're poised to embark on a new chapter in the recovery of this once-majestic forest." "This expansion of our longleaf partnership is a natural progression and an exciting development that gives us the opportunity to build on the successes we've had so far in restoring this vital ecosystem," said Chris Hobson, Southern Company chief environmental officer. "We are ready to go to work with our newest partners, combining the best that public and private entities have to offer into a model of effective environmental stewardship." "The Department of Defense is a natural partner in longleaf restoration," said John Conger, Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Installations & Environment. "Enhancing the forested lands on and around our military bases protects our mission while also playing an important part in the overall restoration of longleaf pine. We look forward to participating in this important effort." "I am continually amazed by the diversity of organizations that come together to restore the unique and rich longleaf pine forests," said Liz Agpaoa, Regional Forester for the Forest Service's Southern Region, comprised of 13 Southeastern states and Puerto Rico. "By pooling public and private sector resources, the Longleaf Stewardship Fund will advance this important restoration work even during challenging times." "NRCS is committed to helping private forest landowners protect and restore longleaf pine ecosystems," said Chief Dave White. "Healthy longleaf pine forests will yield improved water quality, enhanced wildlife habitat, and good economic return for landowners because longleaf pine is extremely resistant to insects, diseases and wind." "This is an important collaborative effort that restores millions of acres of longleaf pine bringing back a culturally iconic and historically valuable habitat for this region," said Cindy Dohner, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Southeast Regional Director. "This work focuses on restoration that will benefit many listed and candidate species such as the Red-cockaded woodpecker and the gopher tortoise among others. This ambitious work would not be possible but for the diverse partners engaged in it." In its first year, the Fund will award approximately $3 million through a competitive grants process. Grants applications will be accepted through February 15, 2012, with awards announced in Summer 2012. For more information, visit www.nfwf.org/longleaf.

Melvin Wylie

Rio Hondo Park uses recycled water for landscape irrigation

City may save up to 9 million gallons of drinking water annually COMMERCE, Calif. - Central Basin Municipal Water District has partnered with the City of Pico Rivera to connect the Rio Hondo Park to recycled water for landscape irrigation. This connection is the first park in Pico Rivera to receive recycled water. Several other parks will hopefully be connected in 2012. "Central Basin worked very closely with the city on this project," said Central Basin General Manager Art Aguilar. "Rio Hondo Park is the first of the city's parks to use recycled water and we are proud to have helped Pico Rivera achieve this important goal." Since February 2010, Central Basin has worked with the City to coordinate the logistics for the connection, which included constructing a lateral from the Southeast Water Reliability Project (SWRP) line down Pine Street, conducting shut down tests and ensuring that all health department requirements were met. While the city covered certain on-site retrofit costs, all other construction costs were covered through federal stimulus funds awarded to the District for construction of Phase 1 of SWRP. "Had it not been for the federal funding we received for the Southeast Water Reliability Project, we would not have been able to build the pipeline that made this possible," added Aguilar. "Recycled water use for non-potable purposes, like landscape irrigation, is necessary to ensure we have plenty of drinking water available for future use. The City is a great model for others to follow." Central Basin worked closely with the City to implement the park's potable service back-up and provide informational signage. As a result of the connection, the City will save an average of 27 acre-feet of drinking water per year at this site. That works out to saving nearly 9 million gallons of drinking water annually. (One acre-foot equals approximately 326,000 gallons, or enough water for two averaged-sized families for one year).

Melvin Wylie

29th Episode of GreenNews4U

Green Stand for your Smart Phone, Tablet & E-Book Let's talk tech… better yet Green Tech. Many people (like myself) are always looking for ways to display our gadgets. I hate just sitting my android phone and my tablet on a flat surface, I want it to be displayed on a stand so that when I get a text, e-mail, call or want watch a movie it's sitting right in front of me. I also don't like to spend money on something big and bulky or something that is proprietary to the phone especially when I'm only using it to sit my device on. Those things are expensive and not so eco-friendly and usually come in 2 colors… white or black. So what's the alternative? Sure you can make on (if you're a handy man) and I've seen some real fail homemade stands. So what's a tech guy or gal to do? On this episode I'll be taking a look at an environmentally friendly solution. To do this I have Garret Moore with Pliant Designs and a new product called E-Sill. Find their web page here

Melvin Wylie

NASA Satellite Confirms Sharp Decline in Pollution From U.S. Coal Power Plants

A team of scientists have used the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA's Aura satellite to confirm major reductions in the levels of a key air pollutant generated by coal power plants in the eastern United States. The pollutant, sulfur dioxide, contributes to the formation of acid rain and can cause serious health problems. The scientists, led by an Environment Canada researcher, have shown that sulfur dioxide levels in the vicinity of major coal power plants have fallen by nearly half since 2005. The new findings, the first satellite observations of this type, confirm ground-based measurements of declining sulfur dioxide levels and demonstrate that scientists can potentially measure levels of harmful emissions throughout the world, even in places where ground monitoring is not extensive or does not exist. About two-thirds of sulfur dioxide pollution in American air comes from coal power plants. Geophysical Research Letters published details of the new research this month. The scientists attribute the decline in sulfur dioxide to the Clean Air Interstate Rule, a rule passed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 2005 that called for deep cuts in sulfur dioxide emissions. In response to that rule, many power plants in the United States have installed desulfurization devices and taken other steps that limit the release of sulfur dioxide. The rule put a cap on emissions, but left it up to power companies to determine how to reduce emissions and allowed companies to trade pollution credits. While scientists have used the Ozone Monitoring Instrument to observe sulfur dioxide levels within large plumes of volcanic ash and over heavily polluted parts of China in the past, this is the first time they have observed such subtle details over the United States, a region of the world that in comparison to fast-growing parts of Asia now has relatively modest sulfur dioxide emissions. Just a few decades ago, sulfur dioxide pollution was quite severe in the United States. Levels of the pollutant have dropped by about 75 percent since the 1980s due largely to the passage of the Clean Air Act. Vitali Fioletov, a scientist based in Toronto at Environment Canada, and his colleagues developed a new mathematical approach that made the improved measurements a reality. The approach centers on averaging measurements within a 30 miles radius (50 km) of a sulfur dioxide source over several years. "Vitali has developed an extremely powerful technique that makes it possible to detect emissions even when levels of sulfur dioxide are about four times lower than what we could detect previously," said Nickolay Krotkov, a researcher based at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., and a coauthor of the new paper. The technique allowed Fioletov and his colleagues to pinpoint the sulfur dioxide signals from the 40 largest sulfur dioxide sources in the United States – generally coal power plants that emit more than 70 kilotons of sulfur dioxide per year. The scientists observed major declines in sulfur dioxide emissions from power plants in Alabama, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia by comparing levels of the pollutant for an average of the period 2005 to 2007 with another average from 2008 to 2010. "What we're seeing in these satellite observations represents a major environmental accomplishment," said Bryan Bloomer, an Environmental Protection Agency scientist familiar with the new satellite observations. "This is a huge success story for the EPA and the Clean Air Interstate Rule," he said. The researchers focused their analysis on the United States to take advantage of the presence of a robust network of ground-based instruments that monitor sulfur dioxide emissions inside power plant smokestacks. The ground-based instruments have logged a 46 percent decline in sulfur dioxide levels since 2005 – a finding consistent with the 40 percent reduction observed by OMI. "Now that we've confirmed that the technique works, the next step is to use it for other parts of the world that don't have ground-based sensors," said Krotkov. "The real beauty of using satellites is that we can apply the same technique to the entire globe in a consistent way." In addition, the team plans to use a similar technique to monitor other important pollutants that coal power plants release, such as nitrogen dioxide, a precursor to ozone. OMI, a Dutch and Finnish built instrument, was launched in 2004, as one of four instruments on the NASA Aura satellite, and can measure sulfur dioxide more accurately than any satellite instrument flown to date. Though OMI remains in very good condition and scientists expect it to continue producing high-quality data for many years, the researchers also hope to use data from an upcoming Dutch-built OMI follow-on instrument called TROPOMI that is expected to launch on a European Space Agency satellite in 2014. On July 6, 2011, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR), requiring 27 states to significantly reduce power plant emissions that contribute to ozone and fine particle pollution in other states. This rule replaces EPA's 2005 Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR). A December 2008 court decision kept the requirements of CAIR in place temporarily but directed EPA to issue a new rule to implement Clean Air Act requirements concerning the transport of air pollution across state boundaries. This action responds to the court's concerns.

Melvin Wylie

Chicago's Uncommon Ground Named "Greenest" Restaurant in America

Chicago's north side Uncommon Ground has been named the "Greenest Restaurant in the Country" and will open their doors for a media tour and invite only reception next week. On December 13th Mayor Emmanuel's office, the Green Restaurant Association, and the Green Chicago Restaurant Coalition will be celebrating with Uncommon Ground for implementing 116 environmental steps making them a 4 Star Certified Green Restaurant in 2011. This honor is something that doesn't come lightly. With society shifting towards both eco and socially responsible initiatives, Uncommon Ground is setting the stage for restaurants across the nation to consider green and locally sourced options for cost savings and health benefits. With two locations in Chicago, Uncommon Ground is celebrating their 20th anniversary at the Lakeview establishment. The Devon location just celebrated its fourth anniversary and was named the number one green restaurant in America, with the Lakeview location topping the list at number two. "I'm proud to have in our City of Chicago the Greenest Restaurant in the Country," says Chicago Mayor Rahm Emmanuel. "Uncommon Ground is a great example of what our city can do and what our country can do, use water and energy more efficiently, grow more sustainable food, while boasting the world's most sustainable businesses." The independently-owned and operated restaurant produces no waste, powers its vehicle with used fryer oil, harnesses the sun to heat their water, and feeds customers with locally sourced, sustainably produced products, as well as from their own Rooftop Farm. From Uncommon Ground's beautifully appointed reclaimed wood amenities, to featuring the first Certified Organic Rooftop Farm in the nation, the owners Michael and Helen Cameron couldn't be more excited about the award. "We are proud to raise the bar and now be the Greenest Restaurants in the country," says Helen Cameron from Uncommon Ground. "We truly care about operating a Certified Green Restaurant and we challenge restaurants around the U.S. to exceed our record of environmental accomplishments. As an industry we have the potential to make a huge difference in taking better care of our planet - and ourselves." Each Certified Green Restaurant goes through a thorough process of certification to meet the Green Restaurant Association's (GRA) rigorous environmental standards. The GRA vets each step and point that each restaurant implements and the GRA audits each restaurant annually so that the restaurants' claims can be accurate. "We are proud of Uncommon Ground's incredible accomplishment of becoming the Greenest Restaurants in the Country," says Michael Oshman, Green Restaurant Association Founder and CEO. "Uncommon Ground is leading the way for American restaurants and the American economy, demonstrating that green practices are both good for the planet and the bottom line. They have truly raised the bar today of what all restaurants can accomplish." In addition to being named the Top Green Restaurant in America, Uncommon Ground has racked up a venerable who's who of awards in the industry including: - "Best New Restaurants" - Chicago Magazine 2008 - "First Certified Organic Roof Top Farm in the Country" - M.O.S.A. 2008 - "Recipient of the 'Governor Sustainability Award'" - 2010 & 2011 - "Winner of the 'Mayor's Landscape Award', City of Chicago" - 2009, 2010, & 2011 - "Winner of the prestigious 'USGBC Environ-motion Award'" - March, 2009 Uncommon Ground offers environmentally friendly, contemporary comfort cuisine with an emphasis on seasonal, regional and organic ingredients. The bar features famous house-infused organic cocktails, a selection of local craft beers and an eclectic American wine list. National music acts perform nightly in an intimate acoustic listening room while art openings feature local Chicago artists.

Melvin Wylie

Japan Urged to Recall Whaling Fleet & Abandon Dying Whale Meat Industry

The International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW; www.ifaw.org) is urging Japan to recall its whaling fleet which today left port for Antarctica to train its harpoons on around 1,000 whales. According to Japanese media reports, the country's whaling fleet is en route to the pristine Southern Ocean Sanctuary to kill up to 935 minke whales and 50 endangered fin whales, in defiance of global opposition and several international laws. Japan is believed to have provided around US$30 million in additional government security budget to protect the fleet this season. Japan hunts whales in the seas surrounding Antarctica under the loophole of "scientific whaling" despite the worldwide ban on commercial whaling. Patrick Ramage, Director of IFAW's Global Whale Programme, said: "We are disappointed although not surprised that Japan's whaling fleet has once more set sail for Antarctica to slaughter more whales. The reality, though, is that the whaling industry is dying and this is its last gasp. The economics show that whaling is unprofitable and a bad policy for the Japanese people as well as for whales." IFAW opposes whaling because it is cruel and unnecessary; there is simply no humane way to kill a whale. Footage of Japanese whaling analysed by IFAW scientists has shown whales can take more than half an hour to die. While whaling is uneconomic, whale watching offers a humane and profitable alternative to the cruelty of whaling, generating around US$2.1 billion annually for coastal communities. According to recent media reports the Australian Customs ship Ocean Protector, docked in Hobart, may be preparing to sail to the Southern Ocean to monitor the whaling season. Australian government ship Oceanic Viking has been used in the past to monitor Japanese whalers and the Australian government has presented a case against Japanese whaling in the Southern Ocean to the International Court of Justice. IFAW encourages all governments to take the strongest diplomatic action possible against Japan and call for an end to its whaling programme. During the last season of Southern Ocean whaling, the Japanese fleet headed back to port early with less than half of its self-allocated catch quota following pressure from many fronts.

Melvin Wylie